Home » Posts tagged 'research paper'
Tag Archives: research paper
India is world’s third largest producer of scientific articles: NSF Report
India is world’s third largest producer of scientific articles: Report | PTI | Times of India | 18 December 2019 |
As per the statistics compiled by the US National Science Foundation (NSF), the number of scientific papers published worldwide increased from 1,755,850 in 2008 to 2,555,959 in 2018. The other countries which made it to the top 10 list are Germany (1,04,396), Japan (98,793), UK (97,681), Russia (81,579), Italy (71,240), South Korea (66,376) and France (66,352).
Representational Image
WASHINGTON: With over 1.35 lakh scientific papers published, India has become the world’s third largest publisher of science and engineering articles, according to a US government agency data, topped by China. As per the statistics compiled by the US National Science Foundation (NSF), the number of scientific papers published worldwide increased from 1,755,850 in 2008 to 2,555,959 in 2018. The global research output, as measured by peer-reviewed science and engineering (S&E) journal articles and conference papers, grew about four per cent annually over the last 10 years. The data, which was released on Tuesday, stated that in 2008, India published 48,998 science and engineering articles. This increased to 1,35,788 articles in 2018 at an average annual growth rate of 10.73 per cent and the country now accounts for 5.31 per cent of the total world publications in science and engineering. China, which accounts for 20.67 per cent of all global publications in scientific articles, is at the top position, followed by the US at 16.54 per cent. In China, the number of global scientific publications increased from 2,49,049 in 2008 to 5,28,263 in 2018, at a growth rate of 7.81 per cent per annum.
The US, the total global publications in science and engineering articles grew at a rate of 0.71 per cent from 3,93,979 in 2008 to 4,22,808 in 2018. Though a long way to go, as compared to the US and China in terms of the number of scientific article publications, India’s emergence as third largest publisher is mainly due to a phenomenal double-digit growth rate in the last one decade from 2008 to 2018, the report noted. The other countries which made it to the top 10 list are Germany (1,04,396), Japan (98,793), UK (97,681), Russia (81,579), Italy (71,240), South Korea (66,376) and France (66,352). According to the report, China’s rate of research output has grown almost twice as fast as the world’s annual average for the last 10 years, while the output of the US and the European Union (EU) has grown at less than half the world’s annual growth rate. Research papers from the US and the EU continue to have the most impact; however, China has shown a rapid increase in producing impactful publications, as measured by references to journal articles and conference papers. Specialisation in scientific fields differs among countries, with the US, the EU and Japan more specialised in health sciences and China and India more specialised in engineering, as measured by journal articles and conference papers. “China and India have increased their share of the growing world output,” the report said. China produced five per cent of the global output in 2000 and grew to 21 per cent in 2018; India’s share rose from two per cent to five per cent during this period. “Among the 15 largest publication producers, countries with higher than average growth rates include South Korea (four per cent), Brazil (five per cent), China (eight per cent), Russia (10 per cent), India (11 per cent) and Iran (11 per cent),” the report said. *Read more on* National Science Foundation science South Korea engineering research paper. Courtesy / Take a Look at the NSF Report Executive Summary / NSF Report : Publication Output, by Region, Country, or Economy
/ Click here to download the full report as PDF (810 KB) – 34 pages/ / Supplemental materials – All formats, zipped
Apple has published its first artificial intelligence (AI) research paper
Business Insider India | Sam Shead | Dec 28, 2016 |
Apple has stayed true to its promise and published its first academic paper on artificial intelligence.
The world’s most valuable company has traditionally kept its AI research private but earlier this month Ruslan Salakhutdinov, director of AI research at Apple, made a pledge to start being more open. The new Apple paper – published December 22 and titled ” Learning from simulated and unsupervised images through adversarial training “ – gives an insight into some of the techniques that Apple is using to develop AI. In the study, which was published through the Cornell University Library, Apple researchers explain a technique that can be used to improve how an algorithm learns to “see” what is in an image. The paper’s six authors state that using synthetic images (such as those seen in a video game), as opposed to real-world images, can be more efficient when it comes to training AI models known as neural networks, which are designed to think in the same way as the human brain. Why? Because synthetic image data is already labelled and annotated while real-world images aren’t. However, using synthetic images has its problems. The Apple researchers write that they are “often not realistic enough, leading the network to learn details only present in synthetic images and fail to generalise well on real images.”
In order to get around this issue, the researchers propose using a technique they call “Simulated+Unsupervised learning,” which combines unlabelled real image data with annotated synthetic images. The paper’s lead author was Apple researcher Ashish Shrivastava. Other authors include Tomas Pfister, Oncel Tuzel, Josh Susskind, Wenda Wang, and Russ Webb. Apple’s paper comes after Facebook’s head of AI Yann LeCun said that Apple’s reluctance to let researchers publish their work could be hindering its hiring efforts in the highly competitive field where Google, Amazon, and DeepMind are also looking to recruit the best talent. Describing how Facebook gets the most talented software engineers in the world to come and work on Facebook’s AI efforts, LeCun said: “Offering researchers the possibility of doing open research, which is publishing their work.
“In fact, at FAIR [Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research], it’s not just a possibility, it’s a requirement,” he said in London. “So, [when] you’re a researcher, you assume that you’re going to publish your work. It’s very important for a scientist because the currency of the career as a scientist is the intellectual impact. So you can’t tell people ‘come work for us but you can’t tell people what you’re doing’ because you basically ruin their career. That’s a big element.” Jack Clark, who writes the Import AI newsletter, wrote in his latest email: “Apple’s participation in the AI community will help it hire more AI researchers, while benefiting the broader AI community.” It’s likely that majority of Apple’s AI research takes place at its headquarters in Cupertino but the iPhone maker also has a number of satellite AI outposts around the world, including a secret Siri lab in Cambridge, UK. Apple did not immediately respond to Business Insider’s request for comment. – Courtesy / Learning from Simulated and Unsupervised Images through Adversarial Training by Ashish Shrivastava, Tomas Pfister, Oncel Tuzel, Josh Susskind, Wenda Wang, Russ Webb / Click here to download the article
Engineering, Science & Technology Resources Portal 